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                <h1 id="1、Eureka基础知识"><a href="#1、Eureka基础知识" class="headerlink" title="1、Eureka基础知识"></a>1、Eureka基础知识</h1><h2 id="1-1、什么是服务治理？"><a href="#1-1、什么是服务治理？" class="headerlink" title="1.1、什么是服务治理？"></a>1.1、什么是服务治理？</h2><p>Spring Cloud 封装了 Netflix 公司开发的 Eureka 模块来实现服务治理。在传统的rpc远程调用框架中，管理每个服务与服务之间依赖关系比较复杂，管理比较复杂，所以需要使用服务治理，管理服务于服务之间依赖关系，可以实现服务调用、负载均衡、容错等，实现服务发现与注册。</p>
<h2 id="1-2、什么是服务注册？"><a href="#1-2、什么是服务注册？" class="headerlink" title="1.2、什么是服务注册？"></a>1.2、什么是服务注册？</h2><p>Eureka采用了CS的设计架构，Eureka Server 作为服务注册功能的服务器，它是服务注册中心。而系统中的其他微服务，使用 Eureka的客户端连接到 Eureka Server并维持心跳连接。这样系统的维护人员就可以通过 Eureka Server 来监控系统中各个微服务是否正常运行。<br>在服务注册与发现中，有一个注册中心。当服务器启动的时候，会把当前自己服务器的信息 比如 服务地址通讯地址等以别名方式注册到注册中心上。另一方（消费者|服务提供者），以该别名的方式去注册中心上获取到实际的服务通讯地址，然后再实现本地RPC调用RPC远程调用框架核心设计思想：在于注册中心，因为使用注册中心管理每个服务与服务之间的一个依赖关系(服务治理概念)。在任何rpc远程框架中，都会有一个注册中心(存放服务地址相关信息(接口地址))<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2021041015073216.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxMDQ5Mzcx,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" alt="在这里插入图片描述"></p>
<h2 id="1-3、Eureka两大组件"><a href="#1-3、Eureka两大组件" class="headerlink" title="1.3、Eureka两大组件"></a>1.3、Eureka两大组件</h2><p>Eureka包含两个组件：Eureka Server和Eureka Client<br>Eureka Server提供服务注册服务<br>各个微服务节点通过配置启动后，会在EurekaServer中进行注册，这样EurekaServer中的服务注册表中将会存储所有可用服务节点的信息，服务节点的信息可以在界面中直观看到。</p>
<p>EurekaClient通过注册中心进行访问<br>是一个Java客户端，用于简化Eureka Server的交互，客户端同时也具备一个内置的、使用轮询(round-robin)负载算法的负载均衡器。在应用启动后，将会向Eureka Server发送心跳(默认周期为30秒)。如果Eureka Server在多个心跳周期内没有接收到某个节点的心跳，EurekaServer将会从服务注册表中把这个服务节点移除（默认90秒）</p>
<h1 id="2、单机Eureka构建步骤"><a href="#2、单机Eureka构建步骤" class="headerlink" title="2、单机Eureka构建步骤"></a>2、单机Eureka构建步骤</h1><h2 id="2-1、添加Eureka依赖"><a href="#2-1、添加Eureka依赖" class="headerlink" title="2.1、添加Eureka依赖"></a>2.1、添加Eureka依赖</h2><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;!--eureka-server--&gt;</span><br><span class="line">      &lt;dependency&gt;</span><br><span class="line">          &lt;groupId&gt;org.springframework.cloud&lt;&#x2F;groupId&gt;</span><br><span class="line">          &lt;artifactId&gt;spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server&lt;&#x2F;artifactId&gt;</span><br><span class="line">      &lt;&#x2F;dependency&gt;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="2-2、yaml配置文件"><a href="#2-2、yaml配置文件" class="headerlink" title="2.2、yaml配置文件"></a>2.2、yaml配置文件</h2><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">eureka:</span><br><span class="line">  instance:</span><br><span class="line">    hostname: eureka7001.com #eureka服务端的实例名称</span><br><span class="line">  client:</span><br><span class="line">    #false表示不向注册中心注册自己。</span><br><span class="line">    register-with-eureka: false</span><br><span class="line">    #false表示自己端就是注册中心，我的职责就是维护服务实例，并不需要去检索服务</span><br><span class="line">    fetch-registry: false</span><br><span class="line">    service-url:</span><br><span class="line">      #设置与Eureka Server交互的地址查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖这个地址。</span><br><span class="line">      defaultZone: http:&#x2F;&#x2F;eureka7001.com:7001&#x2F;eureka&#x2F;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="2-3、主启动类"><a href="#2-3、主启动类" class="headerlink" title="2.3、主启动类"></a>2.3、主启动类</h2><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">@SpringBootApplication</span><br><span class="line">@EnableEurekaServer<span class="comment">//一定要添加上这个注解</span></span><br><span class="line">public <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">EurekaMain7001</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    public <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="function"><span class="title">main</span>(<span class="params"><span class="built_in">String</span>[] args</span>)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        SpringApplication.run(EurekaMain7001.class, args);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="2-4、访问"><a href="#2-4、访问" class="headerlink" title="2.4、访问"></a>2.4、访问</h2><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://localhost:7001/">http://localhost:7001/</a><br>因为没有服务类加入进来所以列表是空的，接下来介绍如何将服务类加入进来。</p>
<h1 id="3、服务添加进Eureka步骤"><a href="#3、服务添加进Eureka步骤" class="headerlink" title="3、服务添加进Eureka步骤"></a>3、服务添加进Eureka步骤</h1><h2 id="3-1、引入依赖"><a href="#3-1、引入依赖" class="headerlink" title="3.1、引入依赖"></a>3.1、引入依赖</h2><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;!--eureka client--&gt;</span><br><span class="line">        &lt;dependency&gt;</span><br><span class="line">            &lt;groupId&gt;org.springframework.cloud&lt;&#x2F;groupId&gt;</span><br><span class="line">            &lt;artifactId&gt;spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client&lt;&#x2F;artifactId&gt;</span><br><span class="line">        &lt;&#x2F;dependency&gt;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="3-2、配置yaml文件"><a href="#3-2、配置yaml文件" class="headerlink" title="3.2、配置yaml文件"></a>3.2、配置yaml文件</h2><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">spring:</span><br><span class="line">  application:</span><br><span class="line">    name: cloud-provider-payment	#服务名称</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">eureka:</span><br><span class="line">  client:</span><br><span class="line">    register-with-eureka: true	#表示是否将自己注册进EurekaServer默认为true。</span><br><span class="line">    fetch-registry: true	#是否从EurekaServer抓取已有的注册信息，默认为true。单节点无所谓，集群必须设置为true才能配合ribbon使用负载均衡</span><br><span class="line">    service-url:</span><br><span class="line">      defaultZone: http:&#x2F;&#x2F;eureka7001.com:7001&#x2F;eureka	#所加入的服务发现IP地址</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="3-3、主启动类"><a href="#3-3、主启动类" class="headerlink" title="3.3、主启动类"></a>3.3、主启动类</h2><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">@SpringBootApplication</span><br><span class="line">@EnableEurekaClient<span class="comment">//应用Eureka客户端</span></span><br><span class="line">public <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">PaymentHystrixMain8001</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    public <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="function"><span class="title">main</span>(<span class="params"><span class="built_in">String</span>[] args</span>)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        SpringApplication.run(PaymentHystrixMain8001.class, args);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="3-4、Eureka查看该服务"><a href="#3-4、Eureka查看该服务" class="headerlink" title="3.4、Eureka查看该服务"></a>3.4、Eureka查看该服务</h2><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://localhost:7001/">http://localhost:7001/</a><br>可以在Instances currently registered with Eureka看到该服务已经注册进入。</p>
<h1 id="4、Eureka集群搭建"><a href="#4、Eureka集群搭建" class="headerlink" title="4、Eureka集群搭建"></a>4、Eureka集群搭建</h1><h2 id="4-1、复制Eureka的单机模块"><a href="#4-1、复制Eureka的单机模块" class="headerlink" title="4.1、复制Eureka的单机模块"></a>4.1、复制Eureka的单机模块</h2><p>修改yml中的端口号：</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">server:</span><br><span class="line">  port: 7002</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="4-2、主类与单机一致，只需要将配置改为相互守望即可。"><a href="#4-2、主类与单机一致，只需要将配置改为相互守望即可。" class="headerlink" title="4.2、主类与单机一致，只需要将配置改为相互守望即可。"></a>4.2、主类与单机一致，只需要将配置改为相互守望即可。</h2><p><strong>7002端口的Eureka配置</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">eureka:</span><br><span class="line">  instance:</span><br><span class="line">    hostname: eureka7002.com #eureka服务端的实例名称</span><br><span class="line">  client:</span><br><span class="line">    register-with-eureka: false</span><br><span class="line">    #false表示不向注册中心注册自己。</span><br><span class="line">    fetch-registry: false</span><br><span class="line">    #false表示自己端就是注册中心，我的职责就是维护服务实例，并不需要去检索服务</span><br><span class="line">    service-url:</span><br><span class="line">      defaultZone: http:&#x2F;&#x2F;eureka7001.com:7001&#x2F;eureka&#x2F;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><strong>7001端口的Eureka配置</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">eureka:</span><br><span class="line">  instance:</span><br><span class="line">    hostname: eureka7001.com #eureka服务端的实例名称</span><br><span class="line">  client:</span><br><span class="line">    register-with-eureka: false</span><br><span class="line">    #false表示不向注册中心注册自己。</span><br><span class="line">    fetch-registry: false</span><br><span class="line">    #false表示自己端就是注册中心，我的职责就是维护服务实例，并不需要去检索服务</span><br><span class="line">    service-url:</span><br><span class="line">      defaultZone: http:&#x2F;&#x2F;eureka7002.com:2001&#x2F;eureka&#x2F;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="4-3、将客户端同时注册进入Eureka集群"><a href="#4-3、将客户端同时注册进入Eureka集群" class="headerlink" title="4.3、将客户端同时注册进入Eureka集群"></a>4.3、将客户端同时注册进入Eureka集群</h2><p>yml配置文件</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">eureka:</span><br><span class="line">  client:</span><br><span class="line">    register-with-eureka: true</span><br><span class="line">    fetchRegistry: true</span><br><span class="line">    service-url:</span><br><span class="line">      defaultZone: http:&#x2F;&#x2F;eureka7001.com:7001&#x2F;eureka,http:&#x2F;&#x2F;eureka7002.com:7002&#x2F;eureka</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>Eureka集群可以实现高可用。</p>
<h1 id="1、OpenFeign概述"><a href="#1、OpenFeign概述" class="headerlink" title="1、OpenFeign概述"></a>1、OpenFeign概述</h1><h2 id="1-1、OpenFeign是什么？"><a href="#1-1、OpenFeign是什么？" class="headerlink" title="1.1、OpenFeign是什么？"></a>1.1、OpenFeign是什么？</h2><p>Feign是一个声明式WebService客户端。使用Feign能让编写Web Service客户端更加简单。<br>它的使用方法是定义一个服务接口然后在上面添加注解。Feign也支持可拔插式的编码器和解码器。Spring Cloud对Feign进行了封装，使其支持了Spring MVC标准注解和HttpMessageConverters。Feign可以与Eureka和Ribbon组合使用以支持负载均衡<br>GitHub地址：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-openfeign">https://github.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-openfeign</a></p>
<h2 id="1-2、Feign能干吗？"><a href="#1-2、Feign能干吗？" class="headerlink" title="1.2、Feign能干吗？"></a>1.2、Feign能干吗？</h2><p>Feign旨在使编写Java Http客户端变得更容易。<br>前面在使用Ribbon+RestTemplate时，利用RestTemplate对http请求的封装处理，形成了一套模版化的调用方法。但是在实际开发中，由于对服务依赖的调用可能不止一处，往往一个接口会被多处调用，所以通常都会针对每个微服务自行封装一些客户端类来包装这些依赖服务的调用。所以，Feign在此基础上做了进一步封装，由他来帮助我们定义和实现依赖服务接口的定义。在Feign的实现下，我们只需创建一个接口并使用注解的方式来配置它(以前是Dao接口上面标注Mapper注解,现在是一个微服务接口上面标注一个Feign注解即可)，即可完成对服务提供方的接口绑定，简化了使用Spring cloud Ribbon时，自动封装服务调用客户端的开发量。</p>
<p>Feign集成了Ribbon<br>利用Ribbon维护了Payment的服务列表信息，并且通过轮询实现了客户端的负载均衡。而与Ribbon不同的是，通过feign只需要定义服务绑定接口且以声明式的方法，优雅而简单的实现了服务调用</p>
<h1 id="2、OpenFeign使用"><a href="#2、OpenFeign使用" class="headerlink" title="2、OpenFeign使用"></a>2、OpenFeign使用</h1><h2 id="2-1、Pom文件，前提是Eureka已搭建成功"><a href="#2-1、Pom文件，前提是Eureka已搭建成功" class="headerlink" title="2.1、Pom文件，前提是Eureka已搭建成功"></a>2.1、Pom文件，前提是Eureka已搭建成功</h2><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;!--openfeign--&gt;</span><br><span class="line">        &lt;dependency&gt;</span><br><span class="line">            &lt;groupId&gt;org.springframework.cloud&lt;&#x2F;groupId&gt;</span><br><span class="line">            &lt;artifactId&gt;spring-cloud-starter-openfeign&lt;&#x2F;artifactId&gt;</span><br><span class="line">        &lt;&#x2F;dependency&gt;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>yml配置文件</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">eureka:</span><br><span class="line">  client:</span><br><span class="line">    register-with-eureka: false</span><br><span class="line">    service-url:</span><br><span class="line">      defaultZone: http:&#x2F;&#x2F;eureka7001.com:7001&#x2F;eureka&#x2F;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="2-2、主启动类"><a href="#2-2、主启动类" class="headerlink" title="2.2、主启动类"></a>2.2、主启动类</h2><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">@SpringBootApplication</span><br><span class="line">@EnableFeignClients</span><br><span class="line">public <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">OrderFeignMain80</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    public <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="function"><span class="title">main</span>(<span class="params"><span class="built_in">String</span>[] args</span>)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        SpringApplication.run(OrderFeignMain80.class, args);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="2-3、客户端的Service层接口"><a href="#2-3、客户端的Service层接口" class="headerlink" title="2.3、客户端的Service层接口"></a>2.3、客户端的Service层接口</h2><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">@Component</span><br><span class="line">@FeignClient(value = <span class="string">&quot;CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE&quot;</span>)<span class="comment">//服务名称</span></span><br><span class="line">public interface PaymentFeignService &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    @GetMapping(<span class="string">&quot;/payment/get/&#123;id&#125;&quot;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    public CommonResult getPaymentById(@PathVariable(<span class="string">&quot;id&quot;</span>) Long id);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>需要与<strong>服务端</strong>的Controller进行对应</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">@GetMapping(<span class="string">&quot;/payment/get/&#123;id&#125;&quot;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    public CommonResult <span class="function"><span class="title">getPaymentById</span>(<span class="params">@PathVariable(<span class="string">&quot;id&quot;</span>) Long id</span>)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    	<span class="comment">//业务逻辑省略</span></span><br><span class="line">    	<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="literal">null</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h1 id="学习地址"><a href="#学习地址" class="headerlink" title="学习地址"></a>学习地址</h1><p>来源：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV18E411x7eT">https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV18E411x7eT</a></p>

                
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